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NAT BME:从智能手表数据中预测COVID-19

2020-12-21 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

早期发现传染病对于通过加强自我隔离和早期治疗来减轻疾病的传播非常重要。目前,大多数诊断方法包括从鼻腔液、唾液或血液中取样,然后用核酸检测活动性感染,或用血清学方法检测感染。基于核酸的诊断可能需要在暴露

早期发现传染病对于通过加强自我隔离和早期治疗来减轻疾病的传播非常重要。目前,大多数诊断方法包括从鼻腔液、唾液或血液中取样,然后用核酸检测活动性感染,或用血清学方法检测感染。基于核酸的诊断可能需要在暴露后几天收集样本,以进行检测。但是这些检测方式不能以低成本常规实施。消费者可穿戴设备是一种精确且广泛应用的技术,之前已经证明,智能手表和简单的脉搏血氧仪可用于莱姆病的早期检测,在回顾性研究中,心率和皮肤温度可用于检测病毒性呼吸道感染,包括无症状感染。可穿戴传感器也被用于检测心房纤颤。其他最近的研究表明,通过智能手表测得的心率升高可用于流行病学研究,以跟踪呼吸道病毒的传播。

可穿戴设备的使用对缓解2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行有很大潜力。迄今为止,这一流行病已感染了数千万人,在全世界造成了100多万人死亡。目前,活动性感染是通过PCR检测来确定的,这可能需要在感染后3 天内获得可靠的阳性结果。PCR检测在日常生活中并没有得到广泛应用。此外,由于大多数感染只在症状出现时才变得明显,目前的检测方法不太可能确定有症状前的携带者,因此,快速、廉价的方法对COVID-19的早期检测是迫切需要的。智能手表和其他可穿戴设备已经被全球数以千万计的人使用,它们可以测量许多生理参数,如心率、皮肤温度和睡眠。回顾性地研究了可穿戴设备在COVID-19早期检测中的应用,并提出了一种利用可穿戴设备检测到的生理参数进行实时健康监测和监测的方法。利用5262人的心率和步态数据,开发了一个在线检测算法,通过实时心率监测来识别感染的早期阶段 还研究了症状类型与严重程度、心率信号以及感染对活动和睡眠的影响之间的关系。

招募了一组有COVID-19或其他感染的患者,4642人佩戴了智能手表:3325人戴着Fitbits,984人戴着苹果手表,428人戴着Garmin设备。114人报告了COVID-19疾病的症状和诊断日期,另外47个人报告了一种不同的呼吸道感染的症状和诊断日期的病原体。 开发了两种检测异常生理学的方法。(1) 使用RHR差分(RHR-Diff)方法(2) 使用心率步数异常检测(HROS-AD)方法。利用症状出现和诊断的日期来定义疾病周期,然后我们根据症状出现日期(14 d之前到之后7 d)和诊断日期(当症状日期不可用时)为每个个体定义一个疾病检测窗口。之所以选择14 d的时间范围,是因为14天在大多数情况下可以涵盖COVID-19潜伏期的持续时间。同时,COVID-19疾病改变了我们的步调和睡眠模式,这可以通过可穿戴设备进行追踪。

目前无法将SARS-COV-2感染与其他病毒感染(症状前持续时间除外)区分开来,因为RHR增加在许多呼吸道感染中很常见。不管怎样,任何疾病发生的信息都是有价值的,特别是在大流行期间,并且可以通过适当的检测来跟进。也有可能通过可穿戴设备获得其他类型的生理测量(例如,心率变异性、呼吸频率、皮肤温度,血氧饱和度和心电图读数)将有助于区分由不同传染源引起的疾病,并可用于提高诊断敏感性,甚至可能预测疾病的严重程度和症状。

使用可穿戴设备进行的COVID-19风险筛查可以提供一个解决方案,帮助克服目前的测试障碍,并为早期诊断和治疗提供信息,以减轻疾病的传播。这些信息将通知患者进行自我隔离、诊断确认和早期治疗。

Mishra, T., Wang, M., Metwally, A.A. et al. Pre-symptomatic detection of COVID-19 from smartwatch dataNat Biomed Eng 4, 1208–1220 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-020-00640-6

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    2021-05-29 liye789132251
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    2020-12-21 ms6000000156981277

    学习

    0

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    2020-12-21 ms4000001687698871

    不错

    0

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    2020-12-21 馒头55

    👍👍👍

    0

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