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EHJ:靶向蛋白质组学可以改善二级预防中的心血管风险预测

2022-02-15 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

基于蛋白质组的风险模型在预测ASCVD事件复发方面优于临床风险模型。

尽管使用了基于指南预防性药物治疗,但动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)的剩余负担仍然很大。新型药物的成功引入,包括PCSK-9型抑制剂、低剂量口服抗凝剂、SGC2抑制剂、GLP-1激动剂、抗炎药物、等为进一步降低ASCVD复发风险提供了机会。

然而,不断扩大的新型药物选择也强调了实施具有成本效益的治疗方案的必要性,这就要求更准确地识别最高风险的患者,以巩固ASCVD的最高绝对收益。

目前的风险评分不能准确地识别出需要更多强化治疗干预的复发性ASCVD最高风险患者。用机器学习技术分析的高通量血浆蛋白组学的进展,可能为进一步改善这些患者的风险分层提供了新的机会。为此,来自荷兰阿姆斯特丹大学的专家开展了相关研究,结果发表在European Heart Journal杂志上。

研究人员在两个二级预防队列中进行了靶向血浆蛋白组学研究:动脉疾病的第二表现(SMART)队列(n = 870)和Athero-Express队列(n = 700)。主要结果是复发性ASCVD(急性心肌梗死、缺血性中风和心血管死亡)。

使用极端梯度提升的机器学习技术在衍生队列中构建了一个蛋白质模型(SMART),该模型在Athero-Express队列中得到了验证,并与一个临床风险模型进行了比较。进行了路径分析以确定高和低C反应蛋白(CRP)患者子集的特定路径。

结果显示,蛋白质模型在推导队列[曲线下面积(AUC):0.810 vs. 0.750;P < 0.001]和验证队列(AUC:0.801 vs. 0.765;P < 0.001)中的表现都优于临床模型,提供了明显的净重分类改进(验证队列中为0.173),且校准良好。

在低CRP组中,27.3%的患者在随访期间经历了ASCVD事件,而高CRP组的患者为32.0%(P = 0.13)。与低CRP组相比,高CRP组的IL-6水平要高得多[NPX(log2尺度)13.50,IQR 10.24-18.45 vs. 8.63,IQR 6.71-11.27] 。可见,与高CRP患者明确的IL-6信号相反,中性粒细胞信号相关蛋白与低CRP患者的ASCVD复发有关。

综上,基于蛋白质组的风险模型在预测ASCVD事件复发方面优于临床风险模型。在低CRP患者中发现了中性粒细胞相关的途径,这意味着在传统的NLRP3途径之外还存在着残余的炎症风险。

 

参考文献:

Targeted proteomics improves cardiovascular risk prediction in secondary prevention, European Heart Journal, 2022;, ehac055, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehac055

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    2022-02-16 yx1156

    值得深化拓展的好文章!

    0

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    2022-02-15 ms2000001939126778

    学习

    0

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