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Oncogene:陈果课题组揭示靶向DNA复制压力的肿瘤治疗新靶点

2020-07-29 佚名 细胞

DNA复制受到细胞周期的调控,发生于S期。为保证dNTPs在S期的足量合成,小亚基RRM2蛋白水平在S/G2期高于G1期。除了上调RRM2蛋白水平外,对如何在S期特异激活RNR的其他分子机制仍缺乏认识

作为生命遗传物质的DNA是在DNA聚合酶作用下,以脱氧核糖核苷三磷酸(dNTPs)为原料聚合而成。核糖核苷酸还原酶(Ribonucleotide Reductase,RNR)催化核苷二磷酸(NDP) 还原为脱氧核苷二磷酸(dNDP),这是dNTPs从头合成过程中最重要的限速性步骤。RNR是由大亚基RRM1和小亚基RRM2组成的异源四聚体。为了保证DNA在复制过程中的精确性和基因组的稳定性,dNTPs原料供给须受到严格精细的时空调控。众所周知,DNA复制受到细胞周期的调控,发生于S期。为了保证dNTPs在S期的足量合成,小亚基RRM2蛋白水平在S/G2期显着高于G1期。但是,大亚基RRM1在细胞周期的不同阶段保持不变。除了上调RRM2蛋白水平外,人们对如何在S期特异激活RNR的其他分子机制仍然缺乏认识。

近日,暨南大学陈果课题组在Nature集团经典的肿瘤分子生物学期刊Oncogene (医学一区)以Article形式发表了题为“Cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation of RRM1 ensures efficient DNA replication and regulates cancer vulnerability to ATR inhibition”的研究论文。该论文(如示意图)发现虽然RRM1蛋白水平在细胞周期进程中没有明显变化,但是RRM1 能够在S/G2期被CDK2/CyclinA磷酸化,并鉴定其磷酸化位点为Ser559。通过结构分析发现Ser559紧邻RNR催化中心,并采用生化实验证实RRM1 Ser559磷酸化能够增强RNR酶活。磷酸化失活突变体S559A能够降低细胞内dNTPs水平、诱导DNA复制压力和染色体异常。并且,携带RRM1 S559A的细胞能够激活DNA损伤应激激酶ATR。抑制ATR能够使表达RRM1 S559A的细胞产生致死性的DNA复制压力,诱导细胞死亡。

因此,通过RRM1磷酸化实现了S/G2期特异性激活RNR,通过这种方式保证了DNA复制过程中足量的dNTPs原料供给,为DNA复制保真性和基因组稳定性提供了新的分子机制。当CDK2/CyclinA介导的RRM1磷酸化失调时,会诱导明显DNA复制压力和DNA损伤,并增敏ATR抑制剂的抗肿瘤效率。

该项工作受到广东省自然科学基金,广州市科技计划,中央高校科研基金以及国家自然科学基金的资助。陈果博士是该项工作的独立通讯作者。

作者简介:陈果,2012年博士毕业于南京大学,2012-2018年先后在美国明尼苏达大学和埃默里大学进行博士后训练,2018-2019年受聘于埃默里大学任Senior Scientist,从2019年5月-至今,全职就职于暨南大学基础医学院任教授,课题组长。陈果博士长期从事靶向DNA修复的抗肿瘤药物药理相关的研究工作,以通讯作者或第一作者在J Clin Invest.,Nature Communications,Cancer Research,Nucleic Acids Research,Oncogene(两篇)和Molecular Therapy等杂志发表论文30多篇,授权多项PCT国际发明专利和中国发明专利。担任Precise Radiation Oncology和Frontiers in Medicine等学术杂志编委或客座编辑,并获得中国生物化学与分子生物学会“青年科学家奖”。

原始出处:

Zhen Shu, Zhen Li, Huanhuan Huang, et al.Cell-cycle-dependent phosphorylation of RRM1 ensures efficient DNA replication and regulates cancer vulnerability to ATR inhibition.Oncogene. 2020 Jul 25. doi: 10.1038/s41388-020-01403-y.

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    2021-03-29 cy0324
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    2020-07-31 lsndxfj
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    2020-07-31 zsyan

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